Конструирование индивидуальных мифов
Для цитирования
Робертс Б. Конструирование индивидуальных мифов // Интеракция. Интервью. Интерпретация. 2004. Том 2. № 2-3. С. 7-15.
Аннотация
В этой статье понятие «индивидуальный миф» - термин, используемый для описания процесса конструирования индивидуальных нарративов: каким образом при помощи метафор, отдельных историй или способа выстраивания своего прошлого опыта люди придают определенный смысл своей жизни в целом. Недавние работы по мифам и мифотворчеству в области устной истории стали базой для подобной трактовки данного понятия. Его использование в контексте исследований истории жизни поднимает важные проблемы, связанные с процессом конструирования рассказа о жизни, а также проблемы соотнесенности индивидуальных мифов с более широкими социальными конструктами. При этом и индивидуальные, и публичные мифы рассматриваются как сложные, взаимосвязанные формы.Недавние разработки в области социальной психологии и социологии также имеют отношение к концепции индивидуального мифа по ряду ключевых моментов: в каких случаях личные или публичные события могут считаться определяющими, поворотными в жизни человека; в каких ситуациях нарративы, обобщающие жизненный опыт в целом, могут быть определены как трагические, романтические или иного характера; как индивиды в ходе рассказывания о своей жизни осмысливают свою идентичность.
Ключевые слова:
конструирование индивидуальных мифов, индивидуальный миф, индивидуальный нарратив, нарратив, выстраивание прошлого,
Литература
Adam, B. (1990). Time and Social Theory. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Adam, B. (1995). Timewatch. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Becker, H. S. (1963). Outsiders. New York: The Free Press.
Berger, A. A. (1997). Narratives in Popular Culture, Media and Everyday Life. London: Sage.
Billig, M. (1995). Banal Nationalism. London: Sage.
Brown, N. R., Shevell, S. K. and Rips, L. J. (1988). Public memories and their personal context. In D.C. Rubin (ed.) Autobiographical Memory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 137158.
Chase, M. and Shaw, Ch. (1989). The dimensions of nostalgia. In C. Shaw and M. Chase (eds.) The imagined past: history and nostalgia. Manchester: Manchester University Press, pp. 117.
Conway, M.A., Rubin, D.C., Spinnler H. and Wagennaar W.A., eds. (1992). Theoretical Perspectives on Autobiographical Memory. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Coupland, N. and Nussbaum J. F., eds. (1993). Discourse and Lifespan Identity. London: Sage.
Denzin, N.K. (1970). The Research Act in Sociology. London: Butterworths.
Denzin, N.K. (1989). Interpretive Biography. London: Sage.
Freeman, M. (1993). Rewriting the Self: History, Memory and Narrative. London: Routledge.
Gergen, K.J. (1999). An Invitation to Social Constructionism. London: Sage.
Gergen, M.M. and Gergen, K.J. (1984) 'The Social Construction of Narrative Accounts', in K.J. Gergen and
M.M. Gergen (eds.) Historical Social Psychology, London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 173189.
Goffman, E. (1961). Asylums. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin.
Josselson, R. and Lieblich, A., eds. (1993). The Narrative Study of Lives. vol. 1, London: Sage.
Hankiss, A. (1981). 'Ontologies of the Self: On the Mythological Rearranging of One's Life History'. In D. Bertaux (ed.) Biography and Society, London: Sage, pp. 203210.
Humphrey, R. (1997). Epiphanies and Social Careers: the Impact of Decisive Life Events on Biographical Processes. In V. Voronkov and E. Zdravomyslova (eds.) Biographical Perspectives on Post-Socialist
Societies, St. Petersburg: Centre for Independent Social Research.
Lemert, E. (1967). Human Deviance, Social Problems and Social Control. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
McAdams, D. P. (1993). The Stories We Live By: Personal Myths and the Making of the Self. London: Guilford Press.
Matza, D. (1964). Delinquency and Drift. New York: Wiley.
Matza, D. (1969). Becoming Deviant. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Murray, K. (1989). The Construction of Identity in the Narratives of Romance and Comedy. In John Shotter and Kenneth J. Gergen (eds.) Texts of Identity. London: Sage, pp. 176205
Olney, J. (1972). Metaphors of Self: the meaning of autobiography. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.
Passerini, L. (1979). Work Ideology and Consensus under Italian Fascism. In History Workshop, Issue 8, Autumn, pp. 82108.
Passerini, L. (1990). Mythbiography in oral history. In R. Samuel and P. Thompson (eds.) The Myths We Live By. London: Routledge, pp. 4960.
Passerini, L., ed. (1992). Memory and Totalitarianism: International Yearbook of Oral History and Life Stories, Vol. 1, Oxford: OUP.
Peneff, J. (1990). 'Myths in Life Stories'. In R. Samuel and P. Thompson (eds.) The Myths We Live By. London: Routledge, pp. 3648.
Popular Memory Group 1982 'Popular memory: theory, politics, method'. In R. Johnson et al. (eds.) Making Histories: Studies in history-writing and politics. London: Hutchinson, pp. 20552.
Portelli, A. (1990). Uchronic dreams: working-class memory and possible worlds'. In R. Samuel and P. Thompson (eds.) The Myths We Live By. London: Routledge, pp. 14360.
Portelli, A. (1991). The Death of Luigi Trastulli and Other Stories: Form and Meaning in Oral History. Albany NY: State University of NY Press.
Roberts, B. (1999). Time, biography and ethnic and national identity formation. In K.J. Brehony and N.
Rassool (eds.) Nationalism. London: Macmillan/BSA.
Roberts, B. (2002). Biographical Research. Buckingham: OU
Rubin, D. C., ed. (1988). Autobiographical Memory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Samuel, R. and Thompson, P. (1990). 'Introduction'. In R. Samuel and P. Thompson (eds.) The Myths We Live By. London: Routledge, pp. 122.
Shaw, C. R. (1966). The Jack-Roller. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Shotter, J. and Gergen, K. J., eds. (1989). Texts of Identity. London: Sage.
Smith, A. D. (1986). The Ethnic Origins of Nations. Oxford: Blackwell.
Smith, A. D. (1991). National Identity. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Sontag, S., ed. (1983). Barthes: Selected Writings. London: Fontana.
Temple, B. (1996). 'Time Travels: time, oral histories and British-Polish identities'. In Time and Society, 5 (1), pp. 8596.
Thomas, W. I. and Znaniecki, F. (1958). The Polish Peasant in Europe and America. New York: Dover Press (2 vols) (originally published in 5 vols. 191820).
Thompson, P. (1993). 'Family Myth, Models, and Denials in the Shaping of Individual Life Paths'. In D. Bertaux and P. Thompson (eds.) Between Generations: Family Models, Myths and Memories, International Yearbook of Oral History and Life Stories. Vol. II, Oxford: OUP, pp. 1338.
Thomson, A., Frisch, M. and Hamilton, P. (1994). 'The Memory and History Debates: Some International Perspectives'. In Oral History, Autumn, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 3343.
Adam, B. (1995). Timewatch. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Becker, H. S. (1963). Outsiders. New York: The Free Press.
Berger, A. A. (1997). Narratives in Popular Culture, Media and Everyday Life. London: Sage.
Billig, M. (1995). Banal Nationalism. London: Sage.
Brown, N. R., Shevell, S. K. and Rips, L. J. (1988). Public memories and their personal context. In D.C. Rubin (ed.) Autobiographical Memory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 137158.
Chase, M. and Shaw, Ch. (1989). The dimensions of nostalgia. In C. Shaw and M. Chase (eds.) The imagined past: history and nostalgia. Manchester: Manchester University Press, pp. 117.
Conway, M.A., Rubin, D.C., Spinnler H. and Wagennaar W.A., eds. (1992). Theoretical Perspectives on Autobiographical Memory. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Coupland, N. and Nussbaum J. F., eds. (1993). Discourse and Lifespan Identity. London: Sage.
Denzin, N.K. (1970). The Research Act in Sociology. London: Butterworths.
Denzin, N.K. (1989). Interpretive Biography. London: Sage.
Freeman, M. (1993). Rewriting the Self: History, Memory and Narrative. London: Routledge.
Gergen, K.J. (1999). An Invitation to Social Constructionism. London: Sage.
Gergen, M.M. and Gergen, K.J. (1984) 'The Social Construction of Narrative Accounts', in K.J. Gergen and
M.M. Gergen (eds.) Historical Social Psychology, London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 173189.
Goffman, E. (1961). Asylums. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin.
Josselson, R. and Lieblich, A., eds. (1993). The Narrative Study of Lives. vol. 1, London: Sage.
Hankiss, A. (1981). 'Ontologies of the Self: On the Mythological Rearranging of One's Life History'. In D. Bertaux (ed.) Biography and Society, London: Sage, pp. 203210.
Humphrey, R. (1997). Epiphanies and Social Careers: the Impact of Decisive Life Events on Biographical Processes. In V. Voronkov and E. Zdravomyslova (eds.) Biographical Perspectives on Post-Socialist
Societies, St. Petersburg: Centre for Independent Social Research.
Lemert, E. (1967). Human Deviance, Social Problems and Social Control. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
McAdams, D. P. (1993). The Stories We Live By: Personal Myths and the Making of the Self. London: Guilford Press.
Matza, D. (1964). Delinquency and Drift. New York: Wiley.
Matza, D. (1969). Becoming Deviant. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Murray, K. (1989). The Construction of Identity in the Narratives of Romance and Comedy. In John Shotter and Kenneth J. Gergen (eds.) Texts of Identity. London: Sage, pp. 176205
Olney, J. (1972). Metaphors of Self: the meaning of autobiography. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.
Passerini, L. (1979). Work Ideology and Consensus under Italian Fascism. In History Workshop, Issue 8, Autumn, pp. 82108.
Passerini, L. (1990). Mythbiography in oral history. In R. Samuel and P. Thompson (eds.) The Myths We Live By. London: Routledge, pp. 4960.
Passerini, L., ed. (1992). Memory and Totalitarianism: International Yearbook of Oral History and Life Stories, Vol. 1, Oxford: OUP.
Peneff, J. (1990). 'Myths in Life Stories'. In R. Samuel and P. Thompson (eds.) The Myths We Live By. London: Routledge, pp. 3648.
Popular Memory Group 1982 'Popular memory: theory, politics, method'. In R. Johnson et al. (eds.) Making Histories: Studies in history-writing and politics. London: Hutchinson, pp. 20552.
Portelli, A. (1990). Uchronic dreams: working-class memory and possible worlds'. In R. Samuel and P. Thompson (eds.) The Myths We Live By. London: Routledge, pp. 14360.
Portelli, A. (1991). The Death of Luigi Trastulli and Other Stories: Form and Meaning in Oral History. Albany NY: State University of NY Press.
Roberts, B. (1999). Time, biography and ethnic and national identity formation. In K.J. Brehony and N.
Rassool (eds.) Nationalism. London: Macmillan/BSA.
Roberts, B. (2002). Biographical Research. Buckingham: OU
Rubin, D. C., ed. (1988). Autobiographical Memory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Samuel, R. and Thompson, P. (1990). 'Introduction'. In R. Samuel and P. Thompson (eds.) The Myths We Live By. London: Routledge, pp. 122.
Shaw, C. R. (1966). The Jack-Roller. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Shotter, J. and Gergen, K. J., eds. (1989). Texts of Identity. London: Sage.
Smith, A. D. (1986). The Ethnic Origins of Nations. Oxford: Blackwell.
Smith, A. D. (1991). National Identity. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Sontag, S., ed. (1983). Barthes: Selected Writings. London: Fontana.
Temple, B. (1996). 'Time Travels: time, oral histories and British-Polish identities'. In Time and Society, 5 (1), pp. 8596.
Thomas, W. I. and Znaniecki, F. (1958). The Polish Peasant in Europe and America. New York: Dover Press (2 vols) (originally published in 5 vols. 191820).
Thompson, P. (1993). 'Family Myth, Models, and Denials in the Shaping of Individual Life Paths'. In D. Bertaux and P. Thompson (eds.) Between Generations: Family Models, Myths and Memories, International Yearbook of Oral History and Life Stories. Vol. II, Oxford: OUP, pp. 1338.
Thomson, A., Frisch, M. and Hamilton, P. (1994). 'The Memory and History Debates: Some International Perspectives'. In Oral History, Autumn, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 3343.
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Другие форматы цитирования:
APA
Робертс, Б. (2004). Конструирование индивидуальных мифов. Интеракция. Интервью. Интерпретация, 2(2-3), 7-15. извлечено от https://inter-fnisc.ru/index.php/inter/article/view/4425
Раздел
Теоретические дискурсы и дискуссии
