Representations of Moscow Residents about the Functions of RFID Microchips and the Risks Associated with Their Implantation
Research Article
How to Cite
Ianokaeva A.T. Representations of Moscow Residents about the Functions of RFID Microchips and the Risks Associated with Their Implantation. Interaction. Interview. Interpretation. 2023. Vol. 15. No. 3. P. 65-79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/inter.2023.15.3.4
Abstract
Microchips implanted into the body could be one of the next steps in developing technology that reflects body health indicators, identifies people, and simplifies daily tasks. The COVID-19 pandemic and the vaccination against the virus have brought the phenomenon of microchip implantation to the forefront of media and consciousness. In the article we identify opinions about the functions and risks of RFID microchips based on interviews with Moscow residents (14 in-depth interviews conducted between March and April 2022). According to empirical data, the identification function aids a person in remembering all their documents, while the storage of medical information is genuinely helpful but rarely used in daily life. While carrying out routine tasks does not seem serious to the informants, it also enables them to fully appreciate the value of the microchip. Additionally, it was discovered that while some groups of informants considered health, privacy, and hacking risks to be important, they did not find physical robbery, inequality, or religious issues to be frightening or to be particularly significant.
Keywords:
microchip, RFID microchip, functions and risks of RFID microchips, residents of Moscow
References
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Werber B., Znidarsic A. (2015) The Use of Subcutaneous RFID Microchip in Health Care — a Willingness to Challenge. Health and Technology. Vol. 5. No. 1. P. 57–65. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12553-015-0105-3
Archipova M.Yu., Kuchmaeva O.V. (2018) Socialnyj zapros rossiyan na innovacii (po dannym vyborochnogo obsledovaniya) [Social Demand of Russians for Innovation (According to a Sample Survey)]. Ekonomicheskie i socialnye peremeny: fakty, tendencii, prognoz [Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast]. Vol. 11. No. 2. P. 69–83. (In Russ.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.15838/esc.2018.2.56.5
Baker J.D. (2016) The Orwellian Nature of Radio-Frequency Identification in the Perioperative Setting. AORN Journal. Vol. 104. No. 4. P. 281–284. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.aorn.2016.08.012
Barnett J., Cooper H., Senior V. (2007) Belief in Public Efficacy, Trust, and Attitudes Toward Modern Genetic Science. Risk Analysis. Vol. 27. No. 4. P. 921–933. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2007.00932.x
Davis F. (1989) Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly. Vol. 13. No. 3. P. 318–339. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
Fisher J., Monahan T. (2008) Tracking the Social Dimensions of RFID Systems in Hospitals. International Journal of Medical Informatics. Vol. 77. No. 3. P. 176–83. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2007.04.010
Foster K.R., Jaeger J. (2008) Ethical Implications of Implantable Radiofrequency Identification (RFID) Tags in Humans. The American Journal of Bioethics. Vol. 8. No. 8. P. 44–48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15265160802317966
Foster K.R., Jaeger J. (2007) RFID Inside: The Murky Ethics of Implanted Chips. IEEE Spectrum. Vol. 44. No. 3. P. 24–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2007.323430
Gadzheva M. (2007) Getting Chipped: To Ban or Not to Ban. Information & Communications Technology Law. Vol. 16. No. 3. P. 217–231. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13600830701680537
Gangadharbatla H. (2020) Biohacking: An Exploratory Study to Understand the Factors Influencing the Adoption of Embedded Technologies Within the Human Body. Heliyon. Vol. 6. No. 5. P. 1–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03931
Gauttier S. (2018) “I've Got You Under My Skin” — The Role of Ethical Consideration in the (Non-)Acceptance of Insideables in the Workplace. Technology in Society. Vol. 56. P. 93–108. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2018.09.008
Hudson J., Caplanova A., Novak M. (2015) Public Attitudes to GM Foods. The Balancing of Risks and Gains. Appetite. Vol. 92. P. 303–313. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2015.05.031
Katz J.E., Rice R.E. (2009) Public Views of Mobile Medical Devices and Services: A US National Survey of Consumer Sentiments Towards RFID Healthcare Technology. International Journal of Medical Informatics. Vol. 78. No. 2. P. 104–114. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2008.06.001
Lockton Y., Rosenberg R.S. (2005) RFID: The Next Serious Threat to Privacy. Ethics Information Technology. Vol. 7. No. 4. P. 221–23l. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-006-0014-2
Marangunic N., Granic A. (2015) Technology Acceptance Model: A Literature Review from 1986 to 2013. Universal Access in the Information Society. Vol. 46. No. 1. P. 81–95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-014-0348-1
Michael M.G., Michael K. (2006) A Note on Uberveillance, From Dataveillance to Uberveillance and the Realpolitik of the Transparent Society. University of Wollongong. P. 9–25.
Michael K. Michael M.G. (2009) Predicting the Socioethical Implications of Implanting People with Microchips. PerAda Magazine. No. 6. P. 1–3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2417/2200904.1598
Monahan T., Fisher A.J. (2010) Implanting Inequality: Empirical Evidence of Social and Ethical Risks of Implantable Radiofrequency Identification (RFID) Devices. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. Vol. 26. No. 4. P. 370–376. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0266462310001133
Nelson R.R., Winter S.G. (1982) An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Neumann P.G., Lauren W. (2007) Risks of RFID. IEEE Engineering Management Review. Vol. 35. No. 2. P. 47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/EMR.2007.382637
Neumann P.G., Weinstein L. (2006) Risks of RFID. Communications of the ACM. Vol. 49. No. 5. P. 136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/1125944.1125971
Pishnyak A., Khalina N. (2021) Perception of New Technologies: Constructing an Innovation Openness Index. Foresight and STI Governance. Vol. 15. No. 1. P. 39–54. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2500-2597.2021.1.39.54
Venkatesh V., Davis F.D. (2000) A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four Longitudinal Field Studies. Management Science. Vol. 46. No. 2. P. 186–204. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926
Voynilov Yu.L., Polyakova V.V. (2016) Moe telo — moya krepost: obshhestvennoe mnenie o biomedicinskih tehnologiyah [My Body is My Fortress: Public Opinion on Biomedical Technologies]. Sociologiya vlasti [Sociology of Power]. Vol. 28. No. 1. P. 185–207. (In Russ.)
Werber B., Baggia A., Znidarsic A. (2018) Factors Affecting the Intentions to Use RFID Subcutaneous Microchip Implants for Healthcare Purposes. Organizacija. Vol. 51. No. 2. P. 121–133. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/orga-2018-0010
Werber B., Znidarsic A. (2015) The Use of Subcutaneous RFID Microchip in Health Care — a Willingness to Challenge. Health and Technology. Vol. 5. No. 1. P. 57–65. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12553-015-0105-3
Article
Received: 31.03.2023
Accepted: 28.09.2023
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Ianokaeva, A. T. (2023). Representations of Moscow Residents about the Functions of RFID Microchips and the Risks Associated with Their Implantation. Interaction. Interview. Interpretation, 15(3), 65-79. https://doi.org/10.19181/inter.2023.15.3.4
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Field work research
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