The Football Fan Movement: Structure and Collective Identities
How to Cite
Kolegova I.E., Kondratenko V.A. The Football Fan Movement: Structure and Collective Identities. Interaction. Interview. Interpretation. 2020. Vol. 12. No. 1. P. 118-135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/inter.2020.21.7 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The article is dedicated to the study on the identification characteristics of football fans. The main question of the research is aimed at identifying who a football fan is, and how he defines himself. The empirical base of the study includes 20 in-depth semi-structured interviews with football fans of PFC CSKA. According to the results of the work, it was revealed that the portrait of a football fan is a collective image, and the identity of representatives of the fan movement is plastic and fragmentary. Due to the presence of many subgroups within the fan movement, fans can identify themselves differently each time depending on how they overcome certain barriers. Moreover, moving between groups does not imply a change in significance or a change in the fan's attitude to a particular group. Contrary to assumptions, the boundaries between groups are quite flexible and surmountable, and the process of identity formation is constantly renewed, not static.
Keywords:
plastic identity, identification process, social roles, group structure and boundaries, subculture, football fans
References
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Sumner W. (1959) Folkways. NY: Dover, Inc.
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Toffler E. (2004) Shok budushchego [Shock of the future]. M.: AST. (In Russ.)
Uzikova A.Yu., Frolov Yu.I. (2015) Osobennosti samoregulyacii lichnosti v subkul'ture futbol'nyh fanatov [Features of personality self-regulation in the subculture of football fans]. Kul'turno-istoricheskaya psihologiya [Cultural-Historical Psychology]. No. 11 (1). P. 34–43. (In Russ.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/chp.2015110105
Yadov V.A. (1994) Social'naya identifikaciya v krizisnom obshchestve [Social Identification in a crisis society]. Sociologicheskij zhurnal [Sociological Journal]. No. 1. P. 35–52. (In Russ.)
Yakuba A.V. (2014) Futbol'nye fanaty kak subkul'tura v Rossii [Football fans as a subculture in Russia]. Vestnik Krasnodarskogo universiteta MVD Rossii [Bulletin of the Krasnodar University of the MIA of Russia]. No. 4 (26). P. 184–189. (In Russ.)
Yakushina O.I. (2014) Identichnost' v sotsiologicheskoy teorii E. Giddensa [Identity in the sociological theory of E. Giddens]. Sovremennyye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya [Modern problems of science and education]. No. 2. P. 87–95. (In Russ.)
Zhuravkov A.A. (2009) Genezis subkul'tury futbol'nyh fanatov v Rossii [Genesis of the subculture of football fans in Russia]. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta kul'tury i iskusstv [Bulletin of Moscow State University of Culture and Arts]. No. 1. P. 176–179. (In Russ.)
Belkin A.I., Ionesov V.I. (2014) Krizis kak kul'turnaya real'nost' i transformaciya identichnosti [Crisis as a cultural reality and transformation of identity]. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo centra Rossijskoj akademii nauk [News of the Samara Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. Vol. 16. No. 2. P. 201–205. (In Russ.)
Berno-Bellekur I.V. (2009) Social'no-psihologicheskaya harakteristika i destruktivnyj potencial gruppirovok fanatov rossijskih futbol'nyh klubov [Socio-psychological characteristics and destructive potential of fan groups of Russian football clubs]. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Seriya 12. Sociologiya [Bulletin of the St. Petersburg University. Series 12. Sociology]. No. 1–2. P. 30–35. (In Russ.)
Dunning E. (2000) Towards a Sociological Understanding of Football Hooliganism as a World Phenomenon. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research. No. 8 (2). P. 141–162. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008773923878
Erikson E.H. (1995) A Way of Looking at Things: Selected Papers, 1930–1980. WW Norton & Company.
Gergen K.J. (1991) The Saturated Self: Dilemmas of Identity in Contemporary Life. NY: Basic books.
Giddens A. (1991) Modernity and Self-Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Kutergin N.B., Korukovets A.P. (2018) Futbol'nye ul'tras – kak odin iz faktorov opredelyayushchih takticheskie dejstviya policii po ohrane obshchestvennogo poryadka pri provedenii sportivno-massovyh meropriyatij [Football ultras – as one of the factors determining the tactical actions of the police to protect public order during sporting events]. Diskurs [Discourse]. No. 2 (16). P. 48–54. (In Russ.)
Kuznetsov M.V. (2014) Struktura futbol'nogo fanatskogo dvizheniya [The structure of the football fan movement]. Analitika kul'turologii [Analytics of Cultural Studies]. No. 29. P. 144–148. (In Russ.)
Latysheva T.V. (2010) Fenomen molodozhnoy subkul'tury: sushchnost', tipy [Phenomenon of youth subculture: essence, types]. Sotsiologicheskiye issledovaniya [Sociological studies]. No. 6. P. 93–100. (In Russ.)
Lukov V.A. (2002) Osobennosti molodezhnyh subkul'tur v Rossii [Features of youth subcultures in Russia]. Sociologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological studies]. No. 10. P. 79–88. (In Russ.)
Mead G.H. (1982) The Individual and the Social Self: Unpublished Work of George Herbert Mead / Ed. with an Introduction by D.L. Miller. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Nikolaev V.G. (2011) Identichnost', struktura opyta i social'naya struktura [Identity, structure of experience and social structure]. Voprosy social'noj teorii [Questions of social theory]. No. 5. P. 199–222. (In Russ.)
Omelchenko E.L. (2013) Solidarnosti i kul'turnye praktiki rossijskoj molodezhi nachala XXI veka: teoreticheskij kontekst [Solidarity and cultural practices of Russian youth at the beginning of the XXI century: theoretical context]. Sociologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological studies]. No. 10. P. 52–61. (In Russ.)
Omelchenko E.L. (2019) Unikalen li rossijskij sluchaj transformacii molodezhnyh kul'turnyh praktik? [Is the Russian case of the transformation of youth cultural practices unique?]. Monitoring obshchestvennogo mneniya: ekonomicheskie i social'nye peremeny [Monitoring of public opinion: economic and social changes]. No. 1 (149). P. 3–27. (In Russ.)
Pilz G. (2009) Futbol – eto nasha zhizn': peremeny i processy differenciacii kul'tury futbol'nyh fanatov [Football is our life: changes and processes of differentiation of the culture of football fans]. Logos. No. 6. P. 114–133. (In Russ.)
Roversi A., Balestri C. (2000) Italian Ultras Today: Change or Decline? European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research. No. 8. P. 183–199. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008757125695
Strauss A., Corbin D. (2007) Osnovy kachestvennogo issledovaniya [Fundamentals of Qualitative Research]. М.: URSS. (In Russ.)
Sumner W. (1959) Folkways. NY: Dover, Inc.
Tajfel H., Turner J.C. (1985) The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behavior. In: S. Worchel, W.G. Austin (eds) Psychology of Intergroup Relations. 2nd ed. Chicago: Nelson-Hall. P. 7–24.
Toffler E. (2004) Shok budushchego [Shock of the future]. M.: AST. (In Russ.)
Uzikova A.Yu., Frolov Yu.I. (2015) Osobennosti samoregulyacii lichnosti v subkul'ture futbol'nyh fanatov [Features of personality self-regulation in the subculture of football fans]. Kul'turno-istoricheskaya psihologiya [Cultural-Historical Psychology]. No. 11 (1). P. 34–43. (In Russ.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/chp.2015110105
Yadov V.A. (1994) Social'naya identifikaciya v krizisnom obshchestve [Social Identification in a crisis society]. Sociologicheskij zhurnal [Sociological Journal]. No. 1. P. 35–52. (In Russ.)
Yakuba A.V. (2014) Futbol'nye fanaty kak subkul'tura v Rossii [Football fans as a subculture in Russia]. Vestnik Krasnodarskogo universiteta MVD Rossii [Bulletin of the Krasnodar University of the MIA of Russia]. No. 4 (26). P. 184–189. (In Russ.)
Yakushina O.I. (2014) Identichnost' v sotsiologicheskoy teorii E. Giddensa [Identity in the sociological theory of E. Giddens]. Sovremennyye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya [Modern problems of science and education]. No. 2. P. 87–95. (In Russ.)
Zhuravkov A.A. (2009) Genezis subkul'tury futbol'nyh fanatov v Rossii [Genesis of the subculture of football fans in Russia]. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta kul'tury i iskusstv [Bulletin of Moscow State University of Culture and Arts]. No. 1. P. 176–179. (In Russ.)
Article
Received: 13.03.2020
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APA
Kolegova, I. E., & Kondratenko, V. A. (2020). The Football Fan Movement: Structure and Collective Identities. Interaction. Interview. Interpretation, 12(1), 118-135. https://doi.org/10.19181/inter.2020.21.7
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